Headaches
Dr. Michael Hoiles has created this resource to help you better understand Headaches, including its common causes, symptoms, treatment options, recovery expectations, and when it may be appropriate to seek an assessment. Whether your symptoms started suddenly or developed gradually over time, this guide is designed to provide clear, evidence-informed information to help you make informed decisions and return to the activities you enjoy with confidence.
What are Headaches?
A headache is pain or discomfort felt in the head, face, or upper neck. Headaches may occur occasionally or become a recurring problem that interferes with work, exercise, concentration, or sleep.
There are many different types of headaches, including tension headaches, cervicogenic headaches (originating from the neck), migraines, and cluster headaches. Although each type has unique characteristics, many headaches involve irritation of muscles, joints, nerves, or connective tissues around the neck and head.
Most musculoskeletal headaches respond well to conservative care that combines education, manual therapy, exercise, and lifestyle modifications.
Common Causes
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Headaches can develop from many different factors, including:
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Muscle tension in the neck and shoulders
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Poor posture
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Prolonged computer or desk work
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Extended phone or tablet use ("tech neck")
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Stress and anxiety
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Reduced neck mobility
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Cervical joint irritation
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Teeth grinding or jaw clenching
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Sleep disturbances
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Dehydration
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Eye strain
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Previous whiplash injuries
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Migraine disorders
In many cases, headaches develop from a combination of contributing factors rather than a single cause.
Common Symptoms
Headache symptoms vary depending on the type of headache but commonly include:
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Dull, aching pain around the forehead or temples
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Pressure or tightness around the head
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Pain at the base of the skull
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Neck stiffness
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Shoulder tightness
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Pain behind the eyes
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Sensitivity to light or sound
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Nausea (particularly with migraines)
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Difficulty concentrating
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Reduced tolerance for work or exercise
Some headaches remain localized, while others begin in the neck and spread into the head or face.
What Makes It Worse?
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Many people notice headaches become worse with:
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Long periods of sitting
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Computer work
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Looking down at a phone
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Poor posture
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Stress
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Lack of sleep
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Skipping meals
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Dehydration
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Long drives
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Jaw clenching
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Lack of movement throughout the day
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Learning which activities trigger your headaches can play an important role in reducing their frequency.
What Helps?
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Many headaches improve with a combination of:
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Regular movement throughout the day
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Improving workstation ergonomics
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Staying hydrated
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Consistent sleep habits
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Stress management
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Gentle neck mobility exercises
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Strengthening the neck and upper back
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Manual therapy
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Relaxation techniques
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Addressing jaw dysfunction when appropriate
For long-term improvement, treatment should focus on addressing the underlying contributors rather than simply masking symptoms.
How Chiropractic Can Help
A chiropractic assessment helps determine whether your headaches are related to the muscles, joints, posture, jaw, or another musculoskeletal condition.
Depending on your individual assessment, treatment may include:
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Spinal adjustments or joint mobilization
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Soft tissue therapy
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Active Release Techniques (ART)
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Instrument-assisted soft tissue therapy (Graston or FAKTR)
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Postural assessment
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Ergonomic recommendations
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Jaw assessment when appropriate
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Individualized exercise prescription
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Neck and upper back strengthening
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Education on headache triggers and self-management
The goal is to reduce headache frequency and intensity while improving neck function, restoring normal movement, and helping prevent future episodes.
Recovery Timeline
Recovery varies depending on the type and duration of your headaches.
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Mild: Occasional tension headaches often improve within 2-4 weeks once contributing factors are addressed.
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Moderate: Recurring cervicogenic headaches or persistent muscle tension may require 4-8 weeks of treatment and rehabilitation.
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Severe/Chronic: Long-standing headaches or migraines often improve gradually over several months, particularly when treatment is combined with exercise, education, and lifestyle modifications.
Recovery is influenced by factors such as stress levels, posture, activity habits, sleep quality, and consistency with rehabilitation.
Exercises Commonly Recommended
Exercise recommendations depend on the underlying cause of your headaches but may include:
Early Phase
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Chin Tucks
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Gentle Neck Range of Motion
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Diaphragmatic Breathing
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Walking
Recovery Phase
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Scapular Retractions
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Band Pull-Aparts
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Thoracic Mobility Exercises
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Deep Neck Flexor Strengthening
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Wall Angels
Long-Term Prevention
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Face Pulls
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Rows
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Farmer Carries
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General Strength Training
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Regular cardiovascular exercise
Exercises should always be individualized based on your symptoms, examination findings, and stage of recovery.
Can I Still Exercise?
In most cases, yes.
Remaining physically active is often beneficial and may help reduce the frequency of tension headaches by improving posture, decreasing muscle tension, increasing circulation, and helping manage stress.
However, if exercise consistently triggers headaches or significantly worsens your symptoms, it is important to have the condition assessed before continuing strenuous activity.
Following an assessment, recommendations can be made regarding which activities you can safely continue, which may need to be modified, and when it is appropriate to return to full activity.
When To Seek An Assessment
Consider booking an assessment if:
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Your headaches occur regularly
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Symptoms interfere with work, exercise, or sleep
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Headaches began following a neck injury or motor vehicle accident
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Neck pain accompanies your headaches
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Pain continues despite home management
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Headaches are becoming more frequent or more intense
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You are unsure what is causing your headaches
Early assessment can often identify contributing factors before headaches become persistent or more difficult to manage.
Common Mistakes That Slow Recovery
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Some of the most common mistakes include:
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Ignoring poor posture throughout the day
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Spending hours at a computer without taking movement breaks
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Overusing pain medication without addressing the underlying cause
When Should I worry?
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
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A sudden, severe headache unlike anything you've experienced before
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Headaches following significant head trauma
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Progressive weakness or numbness
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Difficulty speaking or walking
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Confusion or loss of consciousness
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Fever accompanied by severe headache and neck stiffness
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Sudden vision loss or persistent double vision
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New headaches associated with unexplained weight loss or other concerning symptoms
These symptoms may indicate a more serious medical condition requiring urgent medical evaluation.
Why an Accurate Diagnosis Matters
Headache pain can arise from many different environmental factors or body structures, including muscles, joints, discs, nerves, ligaments, and surrounding soft tissues. Because different conditions often produce similar symptoms, identifying the underlying source of your pain is an important first step toward effective treatment. A thorough assessment helps determine the factors contributing to your symptoms and guides an individualized treatment plan designed to help you return to work, sport, and the activities you enjoy.
Summary
✔ Headaches are a common condition often linked to tension, joint dysfunction in the neck, posture, stress, or nerve irritation (commonly cervicogenic or tension-type)
✔ Most common causes include neck joint stiffness, muscle tension, poor posture, stress, and jaw clenching
✔ Key symptoms include head pressure or tightness, pain at the base of the skull, temples, or behind the eyes, and associated neck stiffness
✔ Common triggers include prolonged screen time, sustained poor posture, stress, sleep disruption, and repetitive neck strain
✔ Most cases improve with movement-based care, including posture correction, manual therapy, and targeted neck and upper back exercises
✔ Red flags include sudden severe headache (“worst headache”), neurological symptoms, or unusual headache patterns requiring urgent medical assessment
Ready to Get Back to Feeling Better?
If your Headaches are not improving, keep returning, or are preventing you from working, driving, exercising, or enjoying your daily activities, an assessment can help identify the underlying cause and determine the most appropriate treatment plan.
Dr. Michael Hoiles is a Calgary chiropractor who provides evidence-informed care combining hands-on treatment, exercise-based rehabilitation, and practical advice to help people recover from injury, move better, and stay active.
Book an appointment with Dr. Michael Hoiles today to start your recovery and get back to doing what you enjoy.